The presence of water in engines indicates contamination from outside sources, from condensation of moisture in the atmosphere, or from internal coolant leaks.   Water is typically evaporated by engines at normal operating temperatures.  However, water may remain in the oil when engine temperatures are too low for evaporation to occur.  Other types of equipment when operated at sufficient temperatures, also tend to evaporate contaminating water.

Oil analysis offers an effective method of recognizing water/coolant contamination before a major problem occurs.  Infrared analysis is used to determine water content in used oil.  Results are reported in % volume.  The Karl Fischer method is used to measure water in systems which are sensitive to low moisture content.  Karl Fischer results are reported in part per million (ppm).

 Water/Coolant Contamination CAUSE

• Low operating temperature
• Defective seals
• New oil contamination
• Coolant leak
• Improper storage
• Cracked head
• Weather/moisture
• Product of combustion
• Oil cooler leak

Water/Coolant Contamination EFFECT

• Engine failure
• High viscosity
• Poor lubrication
• Corrosion
• Increased engine heat
•  Acid formation
• Weld spots
• Reduced additive effectiveness

 Water/Coolant Contamination SOLUTION

• Tighten head bolts
•  Check head gaskets
• Inspect for cracked head
• Inspect heat exchanger and oil coolers
• Evaluate operating conditions
• Evaluate equipment use vs. design
• Avoid intermittent use
• Check for external water/moisture sources
• Change oil filters